Methods and Procedures of Execution
1. Site Clearance and Leveling
Perform an initial site survey to mark areas as per the approved design and site condition. Clear the site of any debris, vegetation, or obstacles, ensuring a clean workspace.
Level the area according to the required specifications and project engineer’s approval, maintaining consistent ground elevation.
2. Excavation
Barricade the excavation areas and mark lines as per approved plans. Excavate soil to the specified depth according to approved shop drawings, ensuring stable side slopes.
Use designated equipment (excavators, bulldozers) to achieve precise excavation, with continuous monitoring to ensure alignment with project specifications.
3. Excavation of Planting Pits and Disposal of Material
Excavate planting pits following the approved dimensions in landscape drawings. Maintain separation of excavated material, identifying suitable soil for potential backfill use.
Transport excess or unsuitable excavated material to approved dumping areas as per the project requirements.
4. Sweet Soil Mix Preparation
Prepare the sweet soil mix by blending selected materials, including compost and fertilizers, to meet soil quality requirements. Ensure the mix is consistent and homogeneous.
Moisten the soil mix to the optimal level for easy application and efficient nutrient retention.
5. Supply and Spreading of Planting Soil, Including Compost and Fertilizers
Procure planting soil from approved suppliers, including specified compost and fertilizers. Spread soil evenly across planting areas or pits as per design levels.
Compact soil layers using water saturation or mechanical means to achieve optimal density, eliminating air pockets. After leveling, apply fertilizers and compost per specifications, ensuring proper integration for plant health and growth.
6. Construction Details
Surveying and Marking
Perform an initial survey to mark and define construction areas based on approved designs and shop drawings. This survey is done after discussions and agreement with the project engineer.
7. General Site Preparation
General Requirements
- Barricade all excavation sites and store materials only in designated areas. Surveyors mark and stake out excavation lines based on the approved plans. Barricades, warning tapes, and signage are set up around storage areas for safety.
8. Procedure / Methodology
a. Excavation of Cuttings
- Excavate according to approved drawings and specified dimensions. Excess excavated material is either removed or backfilled as needed, with proper compaction to meet specifications.
b. Excavation for Site Leveling and Soil Replacement
- Conduct leveling and inspect finished levels with the engineer. Ensure side slopes for cuttings and embankments match approved drawings.
c. Excavation General
- Removal of Unsuitable Material and Soft Spots: Remove unsuitable soil that fails engineering tests. Remove isolated soft spots as directed by the engineer. Maintain separation of suitable and unsuitable material, with suitable materials reserved for use in the project.
d . Excavating High-Level Areas
- Excavate high-level areas down to sub-grade level, including rock if encountered. Approved methods include using bulldozers, rippers, or controlled blasting if permitted by the engineer.
- Rock Excavation: Identify and remove rock for embankment construction as per specifications.
- Excavation for Pits and Trenches: Excavate pits and trenches for roads and utilities, with adequate side support and water removal. Follow contract documents for specific levels and gradients.
- Filling General: Fill low-lying areas up to sub-grade level and ensure proper compaction to avoid settlement. The ground is scarified, leveled, and compacted before filling. Each layer is compacted and approved by the engineer before adding the next.
- Forming of Embankments and Other Areas of Fill: Grade and compact surfaces before embankment construction. Use suitable material for embankments, built up in layers. Maintain camber and even surfaces to facilitate drainage and prevent erosion.
- Placing & Compaction of Embankments & Other Fills: Spread fill material evenly across embankments, ensuring it meets compaction standards. Large rocks are avoided to prevent issues with compaction. Material is placed in horizontal layers and compacted to specified density and moisture content.
- Cleaning & Protection: After construction, remove excess materials, waste, and debris from the site, leaving it clean and acceptable to the engineer within the specified contract time.